There’s a “long and variable lag” between monetary policy starting to control inflation and inflation responding in a substantial way.

Getting demand to soften is the point because that’s expected to help tame inflation.

Selling the Treasury and mortgage-back bonds on its balance sheet helps the central bank raise interest rates.

Companies facing few competitors can hike prices more easily than those in competitive markets.

Homebuilders already face higher prices for materials. More expensive loans could affect construction for years.

Bringing the economy in for a “soft landing” — taming inflation without bringing on a recession — has proven difficult for the Fed in the past.

The housing market for homes that have been occupied before is already tight and may become even more competitive.

Fed chief Powell called the risk of a recession “not particularly elevated.” But some economists think he’s overly optimistic.

Citing high inflation and the tight labor market, Fed Chair Jerome Powell announces the first rate hike since 2018.

With more likely to follow, the rate hikes will eventually mean higher loan rates for many consumers and businesses.