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Revisiting the Social Security restart

Sample Social Security card

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TEXT OF INTERVIEW

Tess Vigeland: We've gotten quite a bit of feedback about our story last week on a little-known option for Social Security recipients.

Marketplace's Bob Moon told us how it's possible for those who chose an earlier but smaller Social Security benefit to restart the clock. Essentially, those retirees can give themselves a future raise.

You wrote in asking for more information on how this all works, so Bob is back with us to help clarify a few things.

Hey Bob.

Bob Moon: Hey Tess.

Vigeland: So this sounds like a pretty good idea, but I guess it's something that you really shouldn't rush right into before you understand how it's going to affect your particular situation.

Moon: Exactly. Talk to a financial planner or if you can afford some special software that's been put together by Professor Laurence Kotlikoff at Boston University, you can crunch the numbers yourself and make certain assumptions about your financial future and the impact that this might have.

Vigeland: Who might actually benefit from this taking Social Security, paying it back and then taking it back again?

Moon: Well, the experts we talked to say depending on your situation -- and that's really key here -- if you're already taking your Social Security benefits and you're somewhere between, say, 63 and 75, you could very well benefit here. But remember, you're making something of a tradeoff because you have to pay the government back for every cent that you've already received in benefits and for a lot of beneficiaries who just don't have that money, $30,000, $50,000, maybe $100,000, that's going to make you swallow real hard about whether this is worth it.

Vigeland: Now Bob, Professor Kotlikoff argues that you may be spending down your nest egg, but you're going to guarantee yourself a higher income if you live past your life expectancy. Here's how he explains it:

Laurence Kotlikoff: That's a major risk that people face in old age that they don't really focus on because somehow everybody expects to die on time, but lots of people aren't dying on time; lots of people are dying very late in life these days and you have to worry about that downside.

Moon: Now here's the thing though Tess: If you die before that and you've paid all that money back then you've lost the bet; you leave all that money with your Uncle Sam. The thing to think about here is that if you do maybe just one -- the wife or the husband who gets the bigger benefit -- then the person who survives the longest still receives that bigger check, so you may want to put together at least some of the money and see if you can do this because it might be worth it.

Vigeland: And then you're not paying back quite as much as you would have otherwise?

Moon: That's right.

Vigeland: OK. So if you do decide that you can benefit form this, what do you have to do?

Moon: Well, it's as simple as filling out a Social Security form to withdraw your application for benefits and of course, then you have to give them the check. And then once you've done that you can turn right around and reapply for the higher benefit that you're eligible for at your current age and that goes up around 8 percent every year until you reach age 70.

Vigeland: OK.

Moon: And it gets real complicated, so we're going to put a lot of links on the website including the form you'd have to use and some case studies that Professor Kotlikoff has done to try to help you understand all this.

Vigeland: Alright Bob, thanks so much for coming back to help us out.

Moon: Thanks Tess.

About the author

Bob Moon is Marketplace’s senior business correspondent, based in Los Angeles.
Jun Mori's picture
Jun Mori - Jan 17, 2011

An excellent read, especially for those concerned with retirement issues. Thank you so much for sharing this.<a href="http://www.financialprose.com">.</a>

Howard Saxon's picture
Howard Saxon - Jan 23, 2009

I retired in 2005 at the age of 62 and began drawing Social Security Benefits. I returned to work in 2006, and continued to draw benefits. However, because I made more in wages than I anticipated, I have repaid the Social Security Administration approximately $11,000. I also discontinued my benefits beginning the first of 2008. My question is if I elect to restart, will the $11,000. that I have repaid be deducted from my total repayment?

Michael Dempsey's picture
Michael Dempsey - Jul 28, 2008

For the tax implications of the SS restart, see IRS Pub 915, p. 15, Repayments more than gross benefits (http://www.irs.gov/publications/p915/ar02.html#d0e3948). I suggest to add a link to Pub 915 with the other "Related" links.

D Phelps's picture
D Phelps - Jul 14, 2008

A key missing part of this discussion on this web site is the timing. As I read on other sites, once you turn the form in with the money your current SS payments end immediately and dont restart until your new application is handled and approved. I understand that could take a few months. Is this true?

Also how do I go about determining how much I would owe and how much I will get after reapplying - without actually applying?

larry shaw's picture
larry shaw - Jul 1, 2008

I started my S.S. in 2003 and have received over $105,000. During the past five years I have also worked part-time but, because I was receiving S.S., there was no S.S. tax withholding on my earnings.

If I stop my S.S., pay it back, and then start again will I have to pay S.S. withholding on my part-time earnings? And would my employer also pay his share of the S.S. tax?

Bob Moon's picture
Bob Moon - Jun 30, 2008

Thanks to all of our listeners who have come here seeking more information about Social Security restarts. We cover a wide variety of topics every week on Marketplace Money, and those time constraints prevent us from delving into the many wide-ranging and complicated facets of this story.

First, for the posters complaining that there's no more information here -- ah, but there is! As promised, there are clickable links above to further information. Please notice the "Related" box at the top of this article for more in-depth information on this option from Professor Kotlikoff (including some case study estimates produced by his software) and a critical examination from Forbes magazine.

Regarding the question on taxes: Please understand that it is simply impossible for us to provide you with a detailed analysis of your personal situation. The financial planners to whom we spoke tell us that you will get money back for the taxes you have already paid on the benefits that you return. However, should you withdraw money from an IRA for the repayment, there could very well be tax liabilities that would need to be figured into this option. This is why fully understanding your ultimate results will require crunching numbers specific to your particular situation.

Again, thanks for visiting our Web site and good luck exploring this option!

L. Hobart's picture
L. Hobart - Jun 29, 2008

I got out my old tax returns and I have received $94,000 in social security benefits since 2001. I plan to call the social security office Monday to find out what the revised amount would be. I have two main concerns: (1) in order to repay $94,000 I would need to withdraw $80,000-$85,000 (plus whatever tax consequences there would be) from my IRA (not Roth). I don't know exactly what that would do to my 2008 taxes but it would be big! (2) How would you determine the amount to take as a tax credit for the previous 7 years? I agree with the other comments, you have teased us and left us in limbo. More info, please.

m.p. campbell's picture
m.p. campbell - Jun 28, 2008

Who IS Professor Kotlikoff, and to what website are you referring? There is no meaninful information here for a listener to use for follow-up. Very disappointing. I thought I would get more information when I went to marketplace money website as you always direct your listeners to do.

Sharon Carter's picture
Sharon Carter - Jun 28, 2008

You still haven't given us any real information on this.
The item that you have completely ignored is the tax consequences. Someone who took Social Security early probably paid taxes on that money depending on the financial circumstances. By paying the money back and starting over at 70, they will be receiving the new, larger amount just at the time they are required to start taking money from their IRAs. This could mean paying taxes on 85% of the new Social Security amount.
It seems they could have at least mentioned the tax situation. I found the last comment that this was complicated and they weren't going to give any cites for further information typical of their articles. In the end, they have told you nothing. In this case they at least gave people something to think about, but it is just frustrating.