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Reddit, Gawker, trolling, and the dangers of online anonymity

Gawker journalist Adrian Chen outed a man known for anonymous online "trolling" on the website Reddit and started a discussion about free speech online.

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Gawker staff writer Adrian Chen got himself into a bit of trouble with some internet users recently, for a story he wrote about one of the most well-known internet trolls on the social news website Reddit. The man Chen profiled, called Violentacrez, had launched and moderated some of Reddit's more controversial community-generated forums, also called subreddits, including one called "Creepshots" and one called "Jailbait." Creepshots included suggestive photos of people in public -- mostly young women -- who didn't know pictures were being taken of them. Jailbait was a sort of collection of sexually suggestive photos of underage girls.

The trouble for Chen was that, before it was even posted, rumors of his article for Gawker got his work and the website's content banned from Reddit by some of it's volunteer moderators. Considering the huge number of page views a publication can get for having a piece posted on Reddit, that can mean less page views for Gawker. It was arguably an ironic result, since Reddit users and readers tout the site as a place where free speech reigns supreme.

"I think it's extremely hypocritical that Reddit, which has become known as a kind of defender of free speech and internet freedom would implement a filter on its site," says Chen, "that would be in place in China or some kind of oppressive regime that is actually preventing its users from sharing journalism."

Perhaps even more troubling is the kind of stuff Violentacrez was peddling on Reddit. Some of subreddit titles this user was involved with aren't printable on these digital pages. So who was the guy in real life?

"He was a 49-year-old computer programmer from Arlington, Texas," says Chen. "Over the years he's become almost a celebrity on Reddit for being a very distasteful, almost a Larry Flynt character."

This may be something with which the online world has to come to grips: This tension between allowing people to preserve their anonymity, their privacy as they speak out, yet it protects people who are hurtful. Reddit is owned by Advance Publications, the Conde Nast people, who also publish the New Yorker, Vanity Fair, and Architectural Digest. And in a world where -- as some have pointed out -- Violentacrez's activities could come close to breaking the law, or at least enabling law breakers, anonymity on sites like Reddit is a growing issue.

"I always go by the principle: Is this anonymity protecting someone who is less powerful from somebody who is powerful," Chen says. "In this case, I think Violentacrez was using his anonymity to actually exploit people who were less powerful than him."

Yet, that power relationship can change in the blink of an eye online. When Chen called Violentacrez saying he was about to get his real name published?

"Well, he said, 'please don't out me,'" says Chen. "'I have a job. I have a disabled wife. This is going to ruin my life and I just like riling up people in my spare time.'"

The man behind Violentacrez, who Chen identified as Michael Brutsch, has reportedly lost his real life job. Did he deserve to? It's a tricky question to answer. Chen's piece is successful in one respect: It's inspiring debate about just when people should be allowed to stay behind the digital mask and when they shouldn't.

About the author

David Brancaccio is the host of Marketplace Tech Report. Follow David on Twitter @DavidBrancaccio and @MarketplaceTech
Sunshinetax's picture
Sunshinetax - Oct 23, 2012

I agree with Salena.

The majority of coverage I've seen online has been running to the defense of this man. Talk about one sided. People dismiss his online behavior as "disgusting, but acceptable". We are all responsible for our own actions, even under the cloak of anonymity.

My personal rule with Forums: if you wouldn't want your mother knowing you wrote it, don't post it.

dnftt's picture
dnftt - Oct 22, 2012

Chen's writing style is sophomoric, as is the danger of his thesis. I am dismayed that a forum like NPR's Marketplace would allow itself to be trolled [using the most common use of the word] by Chen. I don't defend the Reddit poster's actions. Before this article, I didn't know what a Reddit was, or what many of the poster's actions [repugnant to me] were. However, it is clear the poster Chen outed was creating subreddits -- communities of their own. He was not going into a community and disrupting it by strikingly irrelevant posts. That is the common use of the term "troll", not Chen's usage. What is disturbing about Chen's usage is that: "trolling" seems to be posting anything which offends anyone else, and that the powerful press should create a chilling effect in communities, not just against the thing which offended the would-be journalist, but also against any other speech someone might be nervous about being linked to. The argument is that outing this one poster suggests that any poster can be outed by powerful figures [or would-be powerful ones] in the press. A post someone makes in a subreddit makes little ripples, but an article picked up by Marketplace is much more powerful. In this case, it is a clear case of powerful entities attacking a private citizen in their own interests, which might or might not be the same as the law. Now, let's assume another, more powerful, news organization decides they don't like "church v. state" posts created by prominent but heretofore anonymous clergymen, or decides to out gay politicians, or decides that folks in China or another country who are pro-democracy need to be outed.

Short answer: Chen comes across looking like someone who doesn't understand the importance of anonymity. He also comes off as someone with a creepy "methinks he doth protest too much" interest in the subject matter he covers. He possibly ruined a human's life who was begging him not to out him, who was even offering to delete posts or change his ways. I understand and agree with judging posts which are morally offensive to a person, but Chen drew more attention to those posts than they had before. A good measuring stick for journalism might be: don't create a chilling effect on the freedom to express legal things [some would say: even illegal things in totalitarian states]. Otherwise, you get confused for being against democratic expression. I'd recommend contacting law enforcement if laws are broken, but otherwise not remora-ing onto these stories for self-aggrandizement at the cost of one man's job and possibly life and, more largely, the sense that even I posting here could be outed by Chen or Marketplace and have my life destroyed over comments disagreeable to others but not necessarily illegal. Chen needs to recite "In Germany first they came for the Communists" a hundred times and then get some classes in journalism.

peastew's picture
peastew - Oct 16, 2012

What anonymous internet speakers seem to desire here is consequence-free speech, which is different from "free speech" protected by the Constitution. The First Amendment only means that the government cannot prohibit (or criminalize) most speech. Those who hear your message, however, have always been free to make their own judgments and take their own actions in response. Provocateurs have always risked being marginalized or ostracized. Most people avoid provoking others precisely because they don't want to bear the social cost.

If we consider that this discussion is not about a right to speak, but about whether an individual has a right to negate others' reactions to his speech, it seems less controversal. There may be some decent justifications for internet anonymity, but its value as a tool to avoid social accountability for speech that angers and provokes others seems like an awfully flimsy justification.

peastew's picture
peastew - Oct 16, 2012

What anonymous internet speakers seem to desire here is consequence-free speech, which is different from "free speech" protected by the Constitution. The First Amendment only means that the government cannot prohibit (or criminalize) most speech. Those who hear your message, however, have always been free to make their own judgments and take their own actions in response. Provocateurs have always risked being marginalized or ostracized. Most people avoid provoking others precisely because they don't want to bear the social cost.

If we consider that this discussion is not about a right to speak, but about whether an individual has a right to negate others' reactions to his speech, it seems less controversal. There may be some decent justifications for internet anonymity, but its value as a tool to avoid social accountability for speech that angers and provokes others seems like an awfully flimsy justification.

mr_mustash's picture
mr_mustash - Oct 16, 2012

I have been a long-time fan of Marketplace Tech Report, and look forward to it every morning in my market. However, I was very disappointed in the one-sided view of this mornings report about Reddit and Violentacres.

The outing of Violentacres' personal information was totally unprofessional, and lacked journalistic integrity on Adrian Chen's part. Reddit has a history of strongly implementing it's third rule, "Don't post personal information" (http://as.reddit.com/rules/). It was the Reddit Administrators that originally chose to ban the Gawker's article regarding Violentacres, but they have since un-banned links to that post (http://www.buzzfeed.com/katienotopoulos/leaked-chat-logs-between-reddit-...). The ongoing ban to Gawker websites, that you mentioned on air, has been implemented by volunteer community moderators, and not the site Administrators. These are people that have direct control over subreddits (forums) and can manage them how they please. (http://www.theverge.com/2012/10/14/3499796/reddit-moderator-secrecy-subr...).

Again, I am very upset that this report was incredibly one-sided, and didn't even include anyone from the reddit staff to comment on the issue.

Salena97202's picture
Salena97202 - Oct 16, 2012

Thanks for giving this important topic your time and attention. I have been following this issue (online harassment/trolling) for some time now. It's of particular interest to me as a woman, who uses social media and gets most of my news online. As a reader, I like to be able to engage in social discourse. As a woman, I find that is frequently not open to me online.
Adrian Chen's coverage of Reddit shines a bright light on the topic of free speech, and the privileges and consequences of it. While Michael Brutsch (aka Violentacrez) and Reddit wrap themselves in the cloak of free speech to demand their anonymity, the right to free speech in this country does not provide for a right to anonymity and no consequences for what occurs when you exercise that right. Frankly, Reddit's reaction to Adrian Chen's article just proves that they wish free speech and civil rights for some, but not for all.Where was the concern for civil rights when Redditors were posting photos of innocent and unsuspecting women and children online? And encouraging the sexual stalking of same? What about the rights of citizens to assemble, and travel freely in this country? Is that not a right that we should also have? If we cannot stand in a public place, or use public transportation, without threat of having surreptitious, sexually suggestive photos taken of us and posted online then no we do not have the same civil rights. If we cannot post our thoughts and comments online without having a firestorm of threats posted against us (threatening and/or encouraging sexual assault and violence) then no we do not have the same civil rights, and including that of free speech. When we are objectified and harassed simply for appearing in public, then what difference is there between us and those countries were women and girls are required to wear burkas and travel with male companions for protection - or risk being classified as prostitutes?Reddit has allowed it's website to be a safe haven for the promulgation of hate crimes, and now that they are being exposed they want to shut down the free speech of those who oppose them. This is bigger than Adrian Chen vs. Reddit; this is about civil rights protection for all and not just for privileged white male programmers who sit behind their computers and use fake names s to promote sexual assault of women and children, and violence against blacks, Jews, and any other minority they see fit to hate. The time has come for online trolls like Michael Brutsch to have to face the consequences of their hate crimes.

dnftt's picture
dnftt - Oct 22, 2012

So tomorrow is your lucky day! You get to police the internet. You are omniscient and omnipotent. You can get people fired because they post things offensive to you. You and I might see eye to eye that reposting legal but creepy photos taken from people's facebook pages are nothing we'd want to do. We might agree that we don't want to look at that. We might further agree we don't want our family's facebook posts mined for other people's gain [basically the business model for social media, if you haven't noticed]. But here's what I'm worried about. Is there anything I've posted that you don't like? Maybe my posts about how a particular stock is bound to go down in value? Or maybe where I criticized a particular US political party? No, how about when I was down on cover-up attempts within a religious organization paid by the congregations who were victimized? Because I really don't know what you like and what you don't. After all, you haven't created a set of guidelines. Quick: let's just check over the entire history of everything I've ever posted, then you can destroy me, too.